Glossário do Alcorão

The Arabic word for God — the one true God in Islam. Not a name exclusive to Islam; Arabic-speaking Christians and Jews also use 'Allah.' …

Literally 'sign' or 'miracle.' Refers to a verse of the Quran. The Quran contains 6,236 ayahs divided across 114 surahs. Each ayah is considered a …

A chapter of the Quran. There are 114 surahs of varying lengths, from 3 ayahs (Al-Kawthar) to 286 ayahs (Al-Baqarah). Each surah has a name …

The phrase 'Bismillah ir-Rahman ir-Rahim' (In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful). It opens 113 of the 114 surahs (all except …

A report of the sayings, actions, or approvals of Prophet Muhammad. Hadith are the second source of Islamic law after the Quran. Each hadith has …

The practice and traditions of Prophet Muhammad — his way of life, worship, and conduct. The Sunnah is preserved through hadith collections and serves as …

Exegesis or commentary on the Quran. Scholars of tafsir (mufassirun) explain the meaning, context, and application of Quranic verses using linguistic analysis, hadith, and historical …

One of the 30 equal parts of the Quran, designed for completing the recitation in one month (one juz per day, especially during Ramadan).

A half of a juz, making 60 hizb in the Quran. Each hizb is further divided into four quarters (rub'), creating 240 divisions for structured …

The science of proper Quran recitation — rules governing pronunciation, elongation (madd), nasalization (ghunnah), and merging (idgham) of letters. Tajwid ensures the Quran is recited …

A person who has memorized the entire Quran by heart. The tradition of hifz (memorization) has preserved the Quran unchanged since the time of the …

The chain of narration of a hadith, tracing back to the Prophet Muhammad through a series of named narrators. The reliability of each narrator determines …

Authentic — the highest grade of hadith authenticity. A sahih hadith has an unbroken chain of trustworthy narrators with no defects or irregularities.

The global community of Muslims, united by faith regardless of nationality, ethnicity, or language. The Quran describes the Muslim ummah as 'the best nation produced …

Personal supplication and prayer to Allah — distinct from the ritual salah. Dua can be made at any time, in any language, for any need. …

Remembrance of Allah through phrases of praise and glorification. The Quran commands: 'Remember Allah abundantly' (33:41). Common forms include SubhanAllah, Alhamdulillah, and Allahu Akbar.

The innate human nature and disposition toward recognizing God. Islam teaches that every person is born upon fitrah — an inherent inclination toward monotheism and …

Reliance upon Allah while taking practical action. Not passive resignation but active trust — doing one's best and leaving the outcome to Allah. 'And whoever …

Associating partners with Allah — the only unforgivable sin if one dies without repenting. The opposite of tawhid. The Quran repeatedly warns against shirk in …

Divine decree and predestination — belief that Allah has knowledge of all events and has decreed them. One of the six articles of Islamic faith. …